What motivation principle is most crucial for adult learners according to Knowles?

The principle of internal motivation is vital for adult learners according to Malcolm Knowles’ Adult Learning Theory, also known as Andragogy. Adult learners typically seek to engage in learning that aligns with their personal goals, interests, and values. They are often motivated by intrinsic factors such as self-esteem, the desire for personal development, and the need for autonomy, rather than solely external rewards.

When learning experiences are designed to tap into these internal motivations, adult learners are more likely to engage deeply with the material, sustain their interest, and ultimately achieve their learning goals. This intrinsic motivation supports their desire for mastery and allows them to take responsibility for their own learning process, making them feel empowered and more invested in their educational journey.

While external rewards, overcoming challenges, and peer influence can also play a role in motivating adults to learn, they do not carry the same weight as internal motivation, which fundamentally drives the desire for knowledge and growth in adult learners.